Biodiversity and Evolution by Unknown

Author:Unknown
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Elsevier
Published: 2018-04-17T00:00:00+00:00

Figure 8.2 Bayesian analysis of the effective population size fluctuations of the Beijing M. tuberculosis lineage. The dark gray areas correspond to the confidence intervals (95%), and the light gray vertical columns represent the main socio-economic events associated with the demographic fluctuations of tuberculosis

Another objective of this study was to better understand the significant contrasts observed between the different Beijing CCs, for example MDR rates drop from 75% to 5% when considering, respectively, CC2 and CC5. In general, there are two possible strategies to detect genes undergoing diversifying selection. One is to identify recurrent mutations (known as homoplasies) on several independent tree branches; the other is to seek canonical mutations in some emerging lineages. By combining these two approaches, we were not only able to list about 50 new mutations related to antibiotic resistance (mce and VapC), but also genes involved in the metabolism of lipids or in the exposure of surface proteins. One of the most remarkable examples is the reading frame interruption of the Russian clone’s kdpD gene, which is involved in the suppression of M. tuberculosis multiplication in vivo.

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